Gramsci is best remembered for his political and philosophical writings. He spent the next eleven years in prison and died in Rome in 1937. However, he was arrested and imprisoned by the fascists when the party was banned in 1926. He became leader of the party and was elected to the chamber of deputies three years later. In 1921 Gramsci, with Palmiro Togliatti and several others, broke away from the Socialist Party during the Livorno conference, to form the Communist Party. In 1919 he founded L'Ordine Nuovo, a paper that was influential among left-wing intellectuals and asserted that the benefits of the Russian revolution were not necessarily limited to Soviet Russia. During World War I (1914–18) he studied Marxist thought and became a leading speaker and theoretician for the left. As a student he participated in the Socialist Youth Federation and in 1913 joined the Socialist Party. Italian intellectual and founder of the Italian Communist Party.īorn in Alès, Sardinia, Gramsci was educated at the University of Turin, where he studied history and philosophy.
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